Dans la conduite des processus de production agricole, toute activité entreprise par l’agriculteur répond à des buts immédiats ou à plus ou moins long terme. Les motivations de l’agriculteur peuvent se décliner en un ensemble d’intentions qui exprime, sous la forme d’un plan flexible, un engagement sur la façon pratique d’aller dans la direction souhaitée. La nature flexible du plan permet d’intégrer un large éventail de possibilités et de comportements pertinents selon les éventualités susceptibles de survenir. Du fait de cette flexibilité le problème de détermination des actions à exécuter et des modalités de l’exécution se pose continuellement et doit se traiter en fonction de la situation biophysique courante. En particulier, une décision importante concerne le moment du passage à l’acte et, avant cela, le moment à partir duquel il convient de surveiller la pertinence de passage à l’acte. Lorsque plusieurs possibilités d’actions sont ouvertes il faut déterminer lesquelles peuvent matériellement être exécutées compte tenu des ressources à mobiliser et lesquelles sont préférables selon les critères mis en avant par l’agriculteur.
L’article décrit la représentation des plans flexibles et des processus invoqués lors de l’exécution, le mécanisme qui permet de simuler le changement d’état des intentions avec l’avancée du temps, et le mécanisme par lequel sont déterminées les actions à exécuter. Ces aspects ont été incorporées dans une plateforme de simulation à événements discrets qui a été utilisée pour développer des modèles de différents systèmes de production agricole allant de l’élevage à la viticulture. Ces modèles permettent d’étudier l’importance des capacités organisationnelles et décisionnelles des agriculteurs dans l’explication des différences de performances économiques et environnementales au sein de la profession.
In the conduct of agricultural production processes, any activity undertaken by the farmer responds to immediate or more or less long-term goals. The farmer’s motivations can be expressed in a set of intentions that expresses, in the form of a flexible plan, a commitment to proceed in a certain way in order to move in the desired direction. The flexible nature of the plan allows for a wide range of possibilities and relevant behaviors to be incorporated depending on the contingencies that may arise. Because of this flexibility, the problem of determining what actions to take and how to take them arises continuously and must be dealt with in accordance with the current biophysical situation. In particular, an important decision concerns the time of the action and, before that, the time from which the relevance of the action should be monitored. When several action options are open, it is necessary to determine which ones can be physically executed given the resources to be mobilized and which ones are preferable according to the criteria put forward by the farmer.
The article describes the representation of the flexible plans and the processes invoked during the execution, the mechanism that allows to simulate the change of state of the intentions with the advance of time, and the mechanism by which the actions to be executed are determined. These aspects have been incorporated into a discrete event simulation platform that has been used to develop models of different agricultural production systems ranging from livestock to vineyards. These models allow us to study the importance of farmers’ organizational and decision-making abilities in explaining differences in economic and environmental performance within the profession.
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Keywords: Decision, Intention, Action, Discrete-event simulation
CC-BY 4.0
@article{ROIA_2021__2_1_95_0,
author = {Roger Martin-Clouaire and Jean-Pierre Rellier},
title = {Simulation du passage des~intentions aux actions en~agriculture},
journal = {Revue Ouverte d'Intelligence Artificielle},
pages = {95--122},
publisher = {Association pour la diffusion de la recherche francophone en intelligence artificielle},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.5802/roia.11},
language = {fr},
url = {https://roia.centre-mersenne.org/articles/10.5802/roia.11/}
}
TY - JOUR AU - Roger Martin-Clouaire AU - Jean-Pierre Rellier TI - Simulation du passage des intentions aux actions en agriculture JO - Revue Ouverte d'Intelligence Artificielle PY - 2021 SP - 95 EP - 122 VL - 2 IS - 1 PB - Association pour la diffusion de la recherche francophone en intelligence artificielle UR - https://roia.centre-mersenne.org/articles/10.5802/roia.11/ DO - 10.5802/roia.11 LA - fr ID - ROIA_2021__2_1_95_0 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Roger Martin-Clouaire %A Jean-Pierre Rellier %T Simulation du passage des intentions aux actions en agriculture %J Revue Ouverte d'Intelligence Artificielle %D 2021 %P 95-122 %V 2 %N 1 %I Association pour la diffusion de la recherche francophone en intelligence artificielle %U https://roia.centre-mersenne.org/articles/10.5802/roia.11/ %R 10.5802/roia.11 %G fr %F ROIA_2021__2_1_95_0
Roger Martin-Clouaire; Jean-Pierre Rellier. Simulation du passage des intentions aux actions en agriculture. Revue Ouverte d'Intelligence Artificielle, Volume 2 (2021) no. 1, pp. 95-122. doi : 10.5802/roia.11. https://roia.centre-mersenne.org/articles/10.5802/roia.11/
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